Mobility became a growing and important factor of today. Different types of mobility have different effects to society, economy and environment. The global problems, originated after the II. World War, are grown-up to the UN level in 70’s. The SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) are in implementation since 2016. Role of mobility processes cannot be neglect3ed._x000D_
Migration, circulation causes positive and negative consequences to many fields in effected countries. These could be explored in demography, employment structure, national budget, many areas of economy, consumption, culture, etc. We can find many relations between mobility types and sustainable development, its implementation. Relations can found not only point of causes but of consequences also. E.g. migration is a very important movement between undeveloped an developed countries. One of reasons is climate change that his homeland becomes uninhabitable or income cannot be enough to live. The outward country loose part of his manpower and inward country get it. However these migrants have other culture, behaviour. If we take into focus SDGs we could find that many aspects are contrary to some of them. Circulation, especially if it is very frequent, does not match the principle of sustainable development. _x000D_
To explore many of such relationships could be not only task for geography but could be useful for policy makers. _x000D_

Peter Simonyi
independent researher, retired, Hungary

 
ID Abstract: 936

Spatial mobility of the population represents an important demographic and geographical phenomenon of particular importance for science and various areas of social practice. In studies of the relations between the city and surroundings commuters and daily urban systems play an important role. Existence of larger settlements, centers of such systems, with significant variations in the internal spatial-functional organization, raises the question: where do these commuters actually go? In such cases, it is necessary to distinguish parts of the settlement that have a primary function of work center and others that have a dominant residential function. The process of settlement parts differentiation requires the use of not only commuting flows data, but also data on intra-settlement daily population mobility. The model of the spatial manifestation of the labor force daily mobility is a proven starting point for the research of daily urban systems. It contains the most important components for the population daily mobility analysis: demographic, functional and spatial. In this research, an adapted model was used for extracting and planning subsystems, where the core of the daily urban subsystem is only one part of the settlement. As a case study, the settlement of Belgrade (the capital and the most important settlement in the geosystem of Serbia) was taken, whose territory is administratively divided between ten city municipalities, which statistically can be viewed as separate entities. The model was tested on the basis of data from two consecutive Censuses, between which significant functional and demographic changes occurred in the observed territory. Accordingly, the spatial coverage of each of the ten daily urban subsystems, their hierarchy, the volume of daily labor mobility, as well as changes in the inter-census period, were analyzed.

Marko Filipović1, Dragana Miljanović1 & Nikola Krunić2
1Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia; 2Institute of Architecture and Urban & Spatial Planning of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

 
ID Abstract: 977

The contribution deals with the international circular migration which has globally become a buzzword in scientific, political, and administrative circles since the new century. We concentrate on a general inner feature of the phenomenon which is the common root of false ideas and measures surrounding human circulation, namely their dual nature. The literature echoes wide variety of conceptualisations of international circular migration. However, the investigation and application of double characteristic is absent. On one hand, circular migration is a type of migration as a simple event, on the other hand that is a repeat process or a complete system. First aim of the presentation is to discuss the event-system dilemma in general and to provide an illustration with empirical evidence come from Hungary in particular. Moreover, the authors try to contribute to the clarification of the general concept of human circular mobilities to foster scholars for sophisticated thinking and stakeholders for adequate policy making in global, regional, national, and local levels. As second aim, we we propose the core elements of a new legal status by national scale, namely circulator, which is a common challenge for scientists and practitioners dealing with the arena of circular mobilities.

Sándor ILLÉS – Éva GELLÉR-LUKÁCS – Brigitta ZSÓTÉR – Péter SIMONYI
Independent researcher, Eötvös Loránd University (Budapest), University of Szeged, Retired researcher

 
ID Abstract: 449

We pretend that discussing governance of territorial mobilities needs to highlight the local forms of governance. Even if the national states still claim authority over the immigration issues through visas and citizenship policies, cities are mostly the places where migrants and refugees live and develop a sense of belonging. Consequently we consider that in terms of migrant inclusion, we need to give a special focus on local forms of governance of mobilities such as these solidarity cities called in the US and Canada “sanctuary cities” and in Europe “cities of refuge”. A common urban approach describes them as local initiatives, policies and practices towards accommodating and protecting undocumented migrants and refugees. Also, what commonly highlights and regroups solidarity cities are their same discourses and practices to response to national immigration exclusive policies and consequently their same fight for “elevating the urban as the scale at which membership is enacted” (Bauder, 2017). Precisely, the recent crisis context of Covid-19 reflected the paper of these local governance of territorial mobilities that worked on facilitating the access to basic necessities such as sanitarian protection, healthcare services and economical support that other policy-makers might have left aside towards undocumented migrants. In brief, this presentation provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of local governance in the recent pandemic and the importance of discussing urban scale jurisdiction when we think about migratory policies and especially for the case of undocumented immigration.

Line Crettex (Ph. D.)
“- (Graduated recently from El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Mexico).”

 
ID Abstract: 415

Postwar Reconstruction can be the chance to construct positive cycles that tend to join different design scales and subjects, thus reconnecting the production of urban spaces to the complex entanglement of technical and societal factors that define them. The definition and control of a settlement’s principles and of its possible evolutive trajectories can be matched with the individuation and development of appropriate technologies (Schumacher 1973), both in terms of sustainable transformation of natural resources and enrichment of social capital (Putnam 2000). Building construction can be linked to material production and constructive techniques in a process that aspires to the definition of circular models interconnected with each other at different scales._x000D_
Agricultural production, energy provision, water management, transformation mechanisms, industrial processes, and city-making can be imagined as crossed rings where intervention into a single element can trigger major changes in other parts of the mechanism. Technologies that require the smallest possible amount of external support should be favored, not in an anti-historical autarkic vision but in a process of maximization of local development (Sachs 1974) that matches large-scale knowledge and information networks with small-scale territorial and urban transformations. _x000D_
The adaptation of technological means can be conducted through the transformation of resources and objectives in terms of input and output that can shrink and expand the conceptual model and its spatial implications. Design experts are called on to continuously define the porous borders of these processes, accounting for their impact on the modification of urban environments. Rather than a specific spatial configuration, the design aims for the definition of a fluid mechanism that can be continuously adapted and recalibrated while maintaining the clarity of its final goal.

Jacopo Galli
Università Iuav di Venezia, Venice, Italy

 
ID Abstract: 71