The energy transition is not a spontaneous process, but is linked to policies aimed at reducing the use of fossil fuels in favor of renewable energy. This is especially from countries with the highest consumption of primary energy. The scenarios we propose show us that the road is not easy and that, above all, there is a need to reduce the demand for energy. Without the reduction in demand, the limits set by the 2015 Paris Agreement can hardly be reached, not even the less demanding goal of keeping the global temperature increase below 2°C. This is because the need to produce new energy would thwart the efforts to replace fossil fuels with renewables. Actually, the energy transition is not at the same level everywhere and does not find the same sensitivity everywhere. For example, the European Union has placed at the basis of its Multiannual Financial Framework 2021-2027 and of the NextGeneration EU plan, over 370 billion euros for actions related to natural resources and the environment, for the recovery of the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic. We have also to consider RePower EU, in order to face the energy crisis after Ukraine-Russia war. But the European Union – despite the contradictions it experiences in the energy transition – is a “virtuous” example, perhaps even a model, but not too practiced outside it. In this work, we will highlight the weaknesses of the energy transition when viewed within the different regional realities. After having elaborated a synthesis of the possible energy transition scenarios, coming from a wide range of studies, we will carry out an analysis of current and future energy transitions on an international scale, in which we will show how the processes, seen on a regional scale, are all other than a common and shared path.

Domenico de Vincenzo
Università degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale

 
ID Abstract: 735