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1264 | 396 | Agrobiomass tackling energy poverty in the rural areas of emerging countries. Case study Romania | Sebestyén Tihamér-Tibor, Havadi-Nagy Kinga Xénia, Török Ibolya, Mátyus Enikő

The heating sector is responsible for almost half of the EUs total energy consumption and still heavily relies on fossil fuels. Therefor the penetration of renewable energy resources as a base of heating systems along with a widespread deployment of renewable energy heating technologies is essential for achieving the decarbonisation objectives set by Romania and by the EU in general._x000D_
Given the generous resources, particularly in the rural areas, it is essential to accelerate the market uptake of biomass in the heating sector of Romania. Around 25% of the Romanian population suffers from energy poverty due to the used heating systems, firewood being the main energy source for heating in the rural area. Under these circumstances, we argue that community-based heating systems built on regionally sourced biomass could tackle the energy poverty of rural areas, particularly since the available agricultural waste might be a sustainable alternative both to natural gas and firewood. _x000D_
In this study we focus on Romania and aim to get a deeper insight on the state of the art in the agrobiomass sector and the attitude of targeted communities towards new resources and technology, as lack of awareness and low social acceptance can be barriers in the implementation of renewable energy initiatives. _x000D_
The main objective is to investigate whether agrobiomass could be an efficient resource to tackle the problem of energy poverty in the rural areas of emerging countries. To achieve our objective we conducted a survey and applied a questionnaire addressed to the rural population of a NUTS 2 level area. We have complemented our research with the assessment of existing examples of community-based heating systems based on sustainable biomass._x000D_
The key findings of the survey can be useful for the national/regional strategic programming documents in order to take well founded policy measures for the promotion of agrobiomass heating projects. _x000D_

Sebestyén Tihamér-Tibor, Havadi-Nagy Kinga Xénia, Török Ibolya, Mátyus Enikő
Babes-Bolyai University,

 
ID Abstract: 396

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1264 | 883 | Are smart and sustainable cities key factors for RECs?? | Daniele Mezzapelle

Climate change is probably the greatest threat humanity is facing in the 21st century. Moreover, the Covid pandemic worsened the already dramatic situation. Thus, a changing approach to urban dimension – in terms of wellness, health or development – appears to be required. The paper debates that this changing involves synergistic measures to cope climate change while promoting a more conscious use of resources, especially those of the Renewable Energy Communities (RECs), based on the idea that economic growth “as usual” cannot take place at the expense of others fundamental principles such as social justice, intergenerational equity, and environmental protection. Adopting a geographical and scalar approach, the proposed interpretation focuses on the role and potential of cities in articulating a new framework for interpreting reality in view of the need to embark on a more sustainable development path, defining resilient strategies that allow not only to anticipate future shocks – as pandemic is – to prepare the system to absorb them but to adapt or transform itself as appropriate. The Smart City, conceived not as an idealistic and crystallised model of the city but as an ongoing territorial process built on policies specifically designed for the urban dimension, proves to be a valid interpretative tool to frame urban dimension in consideration of issues such as sustainability, resilience and health. A city acts intelligently, i.e. smartly, by virtue of its ability to identify stimuli and existing problems in order to respond appropriately on the basis of available resources and achieve ever higher performance in terms of economic, social, and environmental sustainability, perfectly embodying the concept of transformative resilience. In this role, the potential of cities could lie in their ability to deliver a holistic approach that brings together different paradigms to reshape the current trends on a local scale, adopting synergistic and integrated measures?

Daniele Mezzapelle
University for Foreigners of Siena

 
ID Abstract: 883

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1264 | Renewable Energy Communities as key factors to implement a just renewable energy transition? Experiences from the European context | Daniele Mezzapelle (1); Beatrice Ruggieri (2); Silvia Grandi Grandi (3)


The energy transition is one of the biggest challenges ahead and is identified as an opportunity to mitigate ghg emissions as well as to build fairer energy systems (Healy and Barry, 2017; McCauley and Heffron, 2018). In this regard, Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) are considered as an essential measure to boost renewable energies, energy citizenship and energy democracy (Di Silvestre et al., 2021; Wahlund and Palm, 2022). Moreover, the EU is placing great emphasis on RECs and collective self-consumption as two key-strategies to implement a just renewable energy transition (Verde and Rossetto, 2020). Relying on a growing legislation on “community-owned renewable energy” in the EU, several experiences of RECs are slowly emerging across the EU member states, showing both opportunities and limitations of these innovative tools and socio-legal institutions (Heldeweg and Saintier, 2020) in effectively changing energy systems. In particular, the extremely complex regulatory system is still under development in EU countries so that the RECs governance continue to remain uncertain, thus hampering their reinforcement as transition tools.
While a more critical literature on RECs is emerging, the general approach remains excessively optimistic on their potential for transforming fossil energy systems – at the roots of the extractive capitalist rationales – into green and ecological ones. Without neglecting the key-role of RECs in the energy transition, the aim of this session is to invite critical research perspectives in order to strenghten the debate on how to design and achieve a just transition through community energy actions

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. Specifically, we are interested in both empirical and theoretical contributions that reflect on existing experiences as well as on on-going projects of RECs and other forms of community energy across the whole european space (urban but also rural and inner areas, island territories…) to provide considerations on geographical and cartographical analysis, drivers and obstacles, potentially related conflicts and benefits, resources spatial implications (technic endowments life cycle issues, socio-environmental impacts), social acceptance, green (washing?) narratives, RECs governance schemes.  The session will be in english and will host individual as well group presentations. 

Daniele Mezzapelle (1); Beatrice Ruggieri (2); Silvia Grandi Grandi (3)
(1) Università per Stranieri di Siena (Unistrasi), (2) Università di Bologna (Unibo), (3) Università di Bologna (Unibo)

 
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1264 | 263 | Investigating community energy support mechanisms among the EU states: focal points and blind spots for just transition | Krisjanis Rudus

In recent years, the European Union (EU) has vigorously advocated for the integration of community energy (CE) into its energy market. CE is frequently portrayed as a policy instrument that can simultaneously facilitate the decarbonization of the energy system and tackle prevailing systemic issues such as inequality and poverty. Both academic literature and EU policy documents concur that institutional action will be vital in determining the extent to which CE can be empowering. Consequently, this research paper examines the predominant state-level mechanisms employed to enable participation in CE and their implications for a just energy transition._x000D_
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The findings reveal that EU countries frequently implement a variety of distributive and procedural mechanisms. Distributive mechanisms often encompass one-time financial grants or subsidies, as well as market mechanisms such as feed-in tariffs or premiums. Regarding procedural mechanisms, EU member states promote participation in CE by streamlining bureaucratic processes (e.g., exemptions from production licenses, project approval deadlines imposed on responsible institutions) and establishing intermediary organizations to support the initiation and maintenance of new projects._x000D_
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However, minimal attention has been directed toward recognizing and incorporating more vulnerable actors into CE, including the energy poor, tenants, and rural citizens. Despite the presence of financial or market incentives, marginalized individuals may face exclusion due to insufficient capabilities required for participation, such as knowledge, time, and support networks._x000D_
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As it stands, the EU’s policy for facilitating CE is only partially developed. If CE is intended as a policy tool to ensure justice and address the systemic issues associated with the existing fossil fuel-based energy system, policymaking must acknowledge the most vulnerable actors and enhance their capabilities to participate.

Krisjanis Rudus
Norwegian University of Science and Technology

 
ID Abstract: 263

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1261 | 864 | Inhabitants’ experience to understand places: a spatial approach to quality of inhabiting for the analysis of spatial care | Marta Rodeschini


In recent decades, many organizations have dedicated themselves to the analysis of happiness (e.g., the UN, OECD, or national statistical institutes); however, these surveys often do not consider the territorial dimension, i.e., the socio-territorial differences that characterize each place of living. The research that is proposed aims to understand space as relational and relative, that is, defined by the set of relationships found in this space and considers inhabiting as a dynamic movement that relates inhabitants to the territories they inhabit (Lévy, 2014). _x000D_
After the analysis of international reports and a phase of defining the characteristics of the places of happy living through the use of collaborative webmapping, the third phase of the research involved the consultation of some key stakeholders in four neighborhoods of Bergamo (IT). The interviews showed residents’ perceptions of everyday places of neighborhood living, highlighting how a new approach to socio-territorial analysis is possible to value residents’ experiences (Tuan, 1977). The sense of place changes among individuals and combines the senses, movement, memory, and imagination (Relph, 2007) and takes on a concrete implication, oriented toward social practice and caring for place through a feeling of philia. The analysis conducted lays the foundation for a new spatial approach based on an ethics of care (Lussault, 2017)._x000D_
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Lévy J. (2014), “Inhabiting”, in: Roger Lee et al. (Ed.), The Sage Handbook of Human Geography, London, Sage._x000D_
Lussault M. (2017), “Towards an ethic of local care”, in: Lussault M., Fort F., Jacques M., Brugères F., le Blanc G. (a cura di), Constellation.s. Inhabiting the World, Actes Sud, Arles, pp. 568-578._x000D_
Relph E. (2007), “Spirit of place and sense of place in virtual reality”, Techné: research in Philosophy and technology, 11, 1, pp. 17-25._x000D_
Tuan Y.F

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. (1977), Space and Place. The perspective of Experience, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.

Marta Rodeschini
University of Bergamo

 
ID Abstract: 864

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1261 | 942 | Changing senses of place to navigate transformative approaches of uncertainties. | Anna Marín-Puig

Human adaptive and transformative capacities to global environmental change heavily rely on attitudes and approaches towards the emergence of multiple uncertainties. Building on Bateson’s levels of learning, this work proposes three orders of changes to address uncertainty. From incremental changes to reduce the risk of not knowing (doing things better), to critically redefining how we handle uncertainty through democratic means (doing better things) to celebrate uncertainty as a way out from dominant paradigm (seeing things differently). The latter prioritizes experiential and diverse ways of knowing, normative commitments, values and affects which are examined in this study through the lenses of senses of place. The case study analyses contested place meanings associated with non-urbanized metropolitan areas in the Llobregat delta. A relational approach of senses of place is used to evaluate how a given diversity of contested place meanings associated with the same place (i.e., images) give rise to different visions about signs of social and environmental changes shaping responsive collective agency following two major disruptive events. This approach recognizes the complex and dynamic ways in which people and places interact and seeks to understand implications for place-based transformative capacities.

Anna Marín-Puig
Departament de geografia. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

 
ID Abstract: 942

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1261 | 790 | Negotiating Marginalities to Claim a Right to the City-Space: Policy Dimensions from the Perspective of the People at the Margin of the Capital City of New Delhi, India | Dr. Sanchari Mukhopadhyay

The concern of my research has been based on two sets of processes; the increasing urban affiliation of the ‘working class’ leading to enormous migration and the continuing process of gentrification of the city leading to constant demolition of slums and squatter settlements to make a place for the ‘exclusives’. With the presence of two such processes, I found this interesting to understand how the people at the ‘margin’ of ‘development’ are making a sense of their place where the increasing aestheticization of the capital city is continually pushing them out to the distant peripheries, denying their due share in the city-space and its benefits. With the sole objective to understand the present situation of the ‘right to the city’, the current paper tries to inquire about the policy processes and the planning system of the city where I anticipate this attempt to provide a useful lens for evaluating the ongoing urbanisation process and the nature of inclusiveness of the ‘poor’ into the city-space. The study is based on both quantitative and qualitative data analysis taking reference from the various stakeholders belonging to a number of working-class colonies in peri-urban Delhi where I expect the investigation to throw light upon the way urban governance is playing out in the metropolitan centers of the country and how the people are negotiating to establish a stake in the city to accomplish an actual sense of the place they inhabit. I believe the way space is imagined by both the government and the people at the ‘margin’ can be a useful tool to explore how the process of place-making is contemplating the global economic and political conditions of lived-spaces in an urban setting and what can be done to improve the delivery of services to meet the goal of sustainable transformation.

Dr. Sanchari Mukhopadhyay
PhD, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

 
ID Abstract: 790

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1261 | 454 | Place-based education revitalizing genius loci: a case of Ore Mts., Czechia | Jan Musil (1) & Veronika Kupková (2)

The historical line of continuous population of the Ore Mountains was violently interrupted in 1940’s and 1950’s due to multiple forced migration. Traditions, landscape knowledge and people as well faded or have radically changed for decades. In the last thirty years people have rediscovered and reformulated the landscape, local history and narratives of mountains. During the outdoor educational program the students of local elementary school have looked for the history of the school and village, personal view of the landscape and its past and present. Through the phenomena of genius loci they tried to find a new point of geographical, historical, cultural and natural view that could fit to a new role of the Ore Mountains in cross-border relationships (Czechia – Saxony)._x000D_
The study is based on theoretical part with relevant literature (e.g. Norberg-Schulz, 1994; Vecco, 2020; Musil, 2021; IGU, 1992; Schama, 1997; Sobel 2013) and the case study describing the place-based programme and its experiences from students and their course guides. We also identified main topics for next workshops and programs that would be presented and adapted for public workshops in other places in the Ore Mountains. For the next course the questionnaire with the Place Attachment Survey and Place Meaning Survey tools (Williams & Vaske, 2003; Semken & Freeman, 2008) was modified and in conclusion the aim for further research is defined while using this complex of qualitative research.

Jan Musil (1) & Veronika Kupková (2)
(1) Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Faculty of Pedagogy, Department of Preprimary and Primary Education (2) Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Faculty of Science, Department of Geography

 
ID Abstract: 454

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1261 | 473 | The personal-existential landscape identity and landscape change: reflections from three rural areas in Estonia | Kadri Kasemets; Hannes Palang

This presentation introduces the individually oriented landscape identity approach, the personal-existential identity of landscape, based on the Landscape Identity Circle created by Stobbelaar and Pedroli (2011). This view has a potential to bring together place-based visions that support regional distinctiveness and maintain continuity in the landscape, a significant knowledge for the policy makers. Here collectively invisible, yet individually significant places would have a potential to become socially acknowledged landscapes. We apply the personal-existential identity view with its four components (distinctiveness, continuity, self-esteem, and self-efficacy) to a historically rooted people based on three Estonian rural villages who have drawn on their place-bound memories and meanings to create an interconnected sense of self and materialised them in their surroundings. These meanings have materialised through the restoration of village borders, self-realisation in agriculture and civil governance, or enabling a particular place-bound lifestyle. Communicating self-oriented values connected to the place would strengthen locals’ continuity-oriented self-identity, self-esteem, and accordingly self-efficacy related to the area. Here is the significance of awareness about the ways of how one relates place attachment to the continuity of the self-concept, particularly in the areas of self-efficacy and self-actualisation. _x000D_
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Reference:_x000D_
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Stobbelaar, D.J., & Pedroli, P. (2011). Perspectives on Landscape Identity: A Conceptual Challenge. Landscape Research, 36(3), 321–339._x000D_

Kadri Kasemets; Hannes Palang
Tallinn University, Centre for Landscape and Culture

 
ID Abstract: 473

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1261 | 475 | everyday politics of nostalgia against the enclosure of public spaces in turkey | Fırat Genç

This paper seeks to explore everyday political implications of nostalgia through a discussion on politics of public space in Turkey. Taking a cue from research on public space cultures under neoliberal urbanism, it analyses, from a sociological perspective, how nostalgia, as a collective affect, challenges market-oriented authoritarian urban imaginaries. _x000D_
Typically, nostalgia is seen as antagonistic with emancipatory politics, since nationalist or fundamentalist political currents do stimulate nostalgia for a majestic and glorious past. Notwithstanding such implications, I suggest that nostalgia also consists of completely opposite logics that might serve to overcome the shattering effects of neoliberal enclosures. Drawing from Svetlana Boym’s distinction between restorative and reflective modalities of nostalgia, I argue that place-based, everyday political subjectivities, which mobilize a reflective nostalgia for the unrealised dreams of the past, bring up the possibilities that have proved closed due to neoliberal urbanism. For, the very act of remembering and longing provide a common ground for city dwellers of varying background to navigate the tension between anonymity and familiarity. As they familiarise the public space in reference to their vulnerabilities instead of real or imagined superiorities, the acts of reclaiming public space open up a space for encounters between them. As such, reflective nostalgia subverts neoliberal enclosures on an everyday basis. _x000D_
In effect, I underscore everyday political subjectivities and unintended consequences of nostalgic imaginaries and gestures, so as to explore place-related meanings in the formation of political imaginaries. To do so, drawing on more than thirty in-depth interviews conducted with residents of rapidly changing neighbourhoods of Izmir, the largest city in Turkey’s Aegean region, in the summer of 2021, I reveal transformative potentialities of nostalgia from the vantage point of a place-based politics.

Fırat Genç
Istanbul Bilgi University, Department of Sociology

 
ID Abstract: 475

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