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1149 | 409 | Prospects for growth in the containerized cargo traffic in the Mediterranean Sea basin. | Andrea Gallo

This contribution aims to analyze container traffic flows in the infra-Mediterranean region. Due to its nature, the Mediterranean Sea represents one of the centers of international trade: this system is structured along different value chains, the first being shorter and connecting markets in the Middle East with continental Europe, and the second being much more complex, connecting markets in the Far East and Atlantic with the main continental production centers. Therefore, this contribution proposes to analyze the dynamics of the main infra-mediterranean container flows, highlighting the importance of the main transshipment hubs in relation to the dynamics of the European market and some of the main European gateways. The analysis of transport dynamics will be approached by considering geographical aspects such as the analysis of center-periphery relationships adapted to the context of infra-mediterranean freight transport and the analysis of the main chokepoints for the study area, taking into account the strategic development decisions of the main maritime and port operators. In recent years, the dynamics of container traffic flows have also been strongly influenced by the investment choices of the main maritime operators, both in terms of the choice of ports to use as intermodal hubs and in relation to direct investments by taking concession of various terminals and vertically integrating their production processes. The analysis of container traffic in the Mediterranean basin aims to identify the dynamics of commercial traffic and to analyze the development trajectories that this may have in the near future. In this perspective, it is also possible to highlight how, due to water scarcity problems in the river basins of northern Europe, it is possible to hypothesize that ports located in the southern Mediterranean Sea of Europe will be called upon to play a central role in the management of continental commercial traffic.

Andrea Gallo
Univeristy of Trieste

 
ID Abstract: 409

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1149 | 860 | Comparison of the Impact of Ports on Urban Environment and Health Between China and Europe | Ling SUN (1,2,4); Jingyi ZHANG (1); César DUCRUET (2); Hidekazu ITO (3); Xiangqi LIU (1)

With the development of globalization and trade liberalization, port, as an important node of international trade, has increasingly become the pillar of urban economic development. However, port activities also have negative impacts on the surrounding urban environment and residents’ health. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of ports in China and Europe, and to make a comparative analysis. Firstly, we investigate and describe the basic situation, impact status, and spatiotemporal changes of major ports in China and Europe. The results show that Chinese and European ports are of similar size, but European focus more on transshipment of high value-added goods such as containers, while China focuses more on the import and export of bulk cargo and raw materials. Then, based on the monitoring data of air quality, we analyzed and compared the impact of port activities on the surrounding air environment in the two areas. Finally, we analyzed the impact of port activities on residents’ health, and found that the residents around the ports in China and Europe suffer from high rates of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, which are closely related to port activities. In response, European countries have developed more complete environmental protection regulations and management measures, while China needs to strengthen supervision and technological innovation to reduce the negative impact on surrounding residents. In conclusion, there are significant differences and similarities between port activities in China and Europe in their impacts on urban air quality and residents’ health. In order to ensure the balance between port development and urban environmental protection, it is necessary for the government, enterprises and the public to participate in close cooperation, strengthen port management and supervision, promote technological means, so as to reduce the negative impact on the environment and health.

Ling SUN (1,2,4); Jingyi ZHANG (1); César DUCRUET (2); Hidekazu ITO (3); Xiangqi LIU (1)
(1) Shanghai Maritime University; (2) CNRS · UMR 7235 EconomiX; (3) Kwansei Gakuin University; （4）Fudan University

 
ID Abstract: 860

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1149 | What Future for maritime transport in Europe? | Arnaud Serry (1)

Maritime transport, especially containerisation, has made a major contribution to globalisation and to the geography of globalisation. Maritime networks are also shaping the geography of the world by accentuating inequalities between different parts of the world, in particular in terms of accessibility. Since the 1970s, East Asia has gradually emerged as the new centre of gravity of the global maritime system, instead of Northern America and Europe.
Key global players dominate the maritime industry: container carriers, freight forwarders, terminal handling operators, shippers, ports and inland carriers. They have played a crucial role in the establishment of the container networks, which are shaping the geography of the world.
But after more than 50 years of a booming situation, the shipping industry is perhaps at a turning point of its history. The context is not anymore, the same and two factors can be considered very sensitive for the future of maritime transportation in Europe. On the one hand, the ability of European society to move towards new, more sustainable models at a technological, environmental, social and productive level. So, the European maritime sector, must face major environmental challenges, even though the major technological breakthroughs are still very uncertain in terms of decarbonising maritime transport. On the other one, the geopolitical and global growth context is today moving forcing the European ports to adapt.
Finally, yet importantly, the shipping industry has dramatically changed over the past decade. The oligopolistic situation has crucial consequences for port competition but also for inland services to major cities and hinterlands.
This session will therefore examine the future of maritime transport in Europe in relation to globalisation and the ability of shipping industry to reshape Europe and its geography as has happened in the past.
Proposals are thus welcome on the following themes:
– The interactions between the evolution of international trade and shipping. The consequences of these evolutions Europe.
– The evolution of maritime networks and the interactions between these networks and the geography of globalisation,
– The evolution of the role of ports in maritime networks and the reconfiguration or otherwise of maritime ranges in Europe,
– The evolution of the hinterland service in relation to the geography of the European metropolises,
– The capacity of the European maritime system to respond to environmental challenges and the possible consequences on maritime services. The session will consist of presentations in English.

Arnaud Serry (1)
(1) University Le Havre Normandie

 
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1149 | 286 | Maritime services of container ships operators in the Mediterranean Sea | Ronan Kerbiriou


Maritime transport, and more specifically containerised transport, is the heart and soul of our globalised economies

Xenical, también conocido como orlistat, es reconocido principalmente como un medicamento para la pérdida de peso.En este artículo, vamos a profundizar en la eficacia de Xenical en el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil, su mecanismo de acción, y por qué se ha convertido en un cambio de juego en el campo de la salud sexual masculina en España. xenical 120 mg hard capsules.

Dado que la investigación sobre la eficacia de Estrace en el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil sigue evolucionando, es importante que los hombres que sufran disfunción eréctil consulten a sus profesionales sanitarios para explorar las opciones de tratamiento más adecuadas.Antes de profundizar en los beneficios de Estrace, es importante entender qué causa la disfunción eréctil. estrace.

A pesar de la prevalencia de esta afección, muchos hombres sufren en silencio debido al estigma que rodea a la DE. comprar viagra en andorra Este revolucionario medicamento pertenece a una clase de fármacos llamados inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa tipo 5, que actúan aumentando el flujo sanguíneo al pene para facilitar y mantener la erección..

La prevalencia de la disfunción eréctil en España no ha dejado de aumentar, lo que ha puesto de manifiesto la acuciante necesidad de tratamientos innovadores. orlistat sandoz 60 mg Aunque los incidentes ocasionales de disfunción eréctil son normales, los problemas persistentes en este ámbito pueden provocar una gran angustia emocional y problemas en las relaciones..

Cenforce es un medicamento que pertenece a una clase de fármacos conocidos como inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa tipo 5 (PDE5).1. cenforce 25mg.

Con su notable capacidad para atacar y eliminar agentes patógenos, este antibiótico tiene el potencial de transformar a mejor el panorama sanitario en España.La doxiciclina, un antibiótico comúnmente prescrito, es conocida por su eficacia en el tratamiento de una amplia gama de infecciones bacterianas. does doxycycline treat gonorrhea.

Esta insidiosa afección no sólo afecta a las capacidades físicas del hombre, sino también a su autoestima, sus relaciones y su calidad de vida en general. mychelle kamagra Uno de los principales beneficios de Kamagra es su rápido inicio de acción, con efectos que normalmente se sienten dentro de 30-60 minutos después de la ingestión..

Aunque hay muchos factores que pueden contribuir a la disfunción eréctil, una causa potencial es la diabetes.Con el enfoque y la orientación médica adecuados, puede tomar medidas para mejorar su función eréctil y su calidad de vida en general. glucophage xr.

Beneficios del tratamiento con Augmentin: augmentin 875/125 Como con cualquier medicamento, es esencial consultar con un profesional sanitario para determinar el plan de tratamiento más adecuado para sus necesidades específicas..

Con el auge de medicamentos como Topamax en España, los hombres tienen ahora más opciones que nunca para superar la disfunción eréctil y recuperar su confianza y vitalidad en el dormitorio.Gracias a su eficacia demostrada y a sus efectos secundarios mínimos, Topamax ofrece una solución segura y eficaz para quienes desean recuperar su destreza y confianza sexual. topamax ficha tecnica.

Afortunadamente, existen tratamientos eficaces, como el revolucionario medicamento conocido como Cialis.La disfunción eréctil es una enfermedad frecuente y difícil que puede tener un profundo impacto en la vida de los hombres en España. de farmacia net comprar cialis 20 mg.

Emprenda su viaje hacia una confianza y vitalidad renovadas con Aldactone, la clave para superar la disfunción eréctil y abrazar una vida vibrante en España. aldactone 50 Sin embargo, lo que mucha gente no sabe es que Aldactone también puede tener un impacto negativo en la función sexual, provocando disfunción eréctil en algunos casos..

. Since its invention, containerised maritime transport has undergone numerous structural and organisational changes. In particular, the sector experienced a spectacular boom in the 2010s when shipowners decided to stop using the Panama Canal. From then on, there was no longer any obstacle to the construction of larger ships. The size of container ships has doubled in the space of 10 years to reach a carrying capacity of 24,000 TEU for the Megamax 24 class. This structural evolution of container ships has led to changes in the world’s containerised maritime networks and thus to impacts on the different maritime spaces._x000D_
In this presentation, after presenting the evolution of the container ship fleets, we will study the impact on the maritime network within the Mediterranean Sea and on the ports of call in this sea. We will approach the subject from the angle of direct inter-port relations before zooming in on the strategies of global carriers in their choice of ports of call and service offers._x000D_
To carry out these various analyses, we use the AIS signals emitted by the ships, which we cross-reference with a database of ships from IHS Fairplay. This database provides us with information on the technical characteristics of the ships. We will make a comparison between the years 2012 and 2020._x000D_

Ronan Kerbiriou
Université Le Havre Normandie and Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers – Paris

 
ID Abstract: 286

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1149 | 357 | The Mediterranean: a unique living lab reflecting global maritime and port transitions | Dr Yann ALIX & Dr. Arnaud SERRY

With only 1% of the surface area of the seas, the Mediterranean alone concentrates 25% of the world’s maritime traffic and 30% of its oil traffic, making maritime transport an excellent indicator of the pulse of the world economy._x000D_
Since Thallassocracies 4 millennias ago, Mediterranean area has always been omnipresent given the compulsory nature of maritime trade exchanges between neighbouring nations disseminated all around the basin and its geographical location on the major world routes. Today, with a globalised and highly competitive shipping industry, the Mediterranean is experiencing a real restructuration in the maritime and port sectors leading to the emergence of major strategic disruptions that represent challenges and opportunities. Three economic sectors are particularly significant in the Mediterranean area: ro-ro, container and cruise shipping._x000D_
A recent trend has been the integration and specialization of several routes with feeder ships converging at major maritime intermediate hubs in the Mediterranean, in light of the negative impacts of deviations from main maritime shipping routes in terms of services and port calls’ frequency._x000D_
In this paper, we propose to focus on the ports themselves, in particular with regard to the strategies of the stakeholders including port authorities, shipping lines and finally shippers and logistics providers. _x000D_

Dr Yann ALIX & Dr. Arnaud SERRY
SEFACIL FOUNDATION & UNIVERSITY of LE HAVRE

 
ID Abstract: 357

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1149 | 358 | From liner shipping connectivity to global terminal operator strategies: New port competition on the Western and Central port range of Africa | Dr. Brigitte DAUDET & Dr. Yann ALIX

With more than 600 million inhabitants, the West and Central African areas are growing markets for global shipping lines (GSL) and global terminal operators (GTO). However, in 2022, the total container traffic of the Dakar-Luanda port range represent less than 1% of the world traffic. It corresponds more or less at the same global market share observed on the early 2000’ which means that despite more than 50 billion of public and private investments since 2 decades, western and central Africa ports are still pawns into the global shipping connectivity networks. _x000D_
Nevertheless, over the past years, these niche markets attract the largest GSL as well as the most aggressive GTO with the distinctive feature that it is the Europeans container handling companies who dominate and not the top Chinese ones. _x000D_
This paper aims to put into perspective the role and impact of majors Europeans GSL and GTO strategies on the evolution of competition between port authorities. The first part demonstrates the concentration of players in an oligopolistic pattern rather the second part highlights the new competitive landscape in ports, with the emergence of new regional hubs such as the ports of Pointe-Noire and especially the Lome Container Terminal. Finally, the paper discusses on the strategies that port authorities can activate at the regional level in the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (ACFTA) and the associated new traffic opportunities for sub-regional maritime and port services. _x000D_

Dr. Brigitte DAUDET & Dr. Yann ALIX
NIMEC LAB EM Normandy Business School & SEFACIL FOUNDATION

 
ID Abstract: 358

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1146 | 470 | Linguistic diversity on the rise: tracing changes in multilingual residential neighbourhoods in the Helsinki Metropolitan area | Tuomas Väisänen, Olle Järv, Tuuli Toivonen and Tuomo Hiippala

Urban populations are becoming highly diverse at an unprecedented scale due to accelerating growth of urbanization, and international migration and mobilities. Understanding urban diversity and its spatio-temporal patterns plays a key role in supporting urban planners and decision makers to make decisions that improve social sustainability and social cohesion in urban areas. However, research on urban diversity commonly focuses on ethnicities and countries of origin, disregarding potentially more informative characteristics, such as information on languages and language use. In this presentation, we present the results of our analysis on the development of linguistic diversity in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area between 1987—2019 using individual-level language information from the Finnish Population Information System. We focus specifically on speakers of Estonian and Somali to understand how linguistic diversity and socio-economic characteristics have changed their residential neighborhoods, and to understand the level of integration of these population groups have achieved to the host society. We measure linguistic diversity with metrics developed in the field of ecology, perform spatial clustering analyses, and examine how likely linguistic diversity of the neighborhoods is to change with discrete Markov chains. We show how geographical space cannot be disregarded in the distribution of linguistic diversity, how linguistic diversity is most likely to change in more segregated neighborhoods and how linguistic diversity can be used as a proxy for urban diversity. 

Tuomas Väisänen, Olle Järv, Tuuli Toivonen and Tuomo Hiippala
University of Helsinki

 
ID Abstract: 470

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1146 | 652 | Dwindling glaciers – the impact of climate change on geographical names in the Austrian Alps | Regina Falkensteiner

Topographic maps have been an important source of information about geographical names for centuries and reflect any changes in naming places. Due to the changing climate conditions in high mountain regions, there has been a significant retreat of glaciers, in particular since the second half of the 20th century, which has had an impact on toponomastics._x000D_
The geographical names on the Austrian map 1:50000 (ÖK50) serve as the data basis. By means of this dataset, a diachronic analysis of glacier names in Austrian national surveys (“Landesaufnahmen”) has been carried out, going back as far as the second half of the 18th century. _x000D_
Changes in toponyms in the Austrian Alps are being presented using selected glacier regions as examples such as Obersulzbachkees (Venediger Group) or Pasterze, Austria’s largest glacier (Glockner Group)._x000D_
When examining glacier names, several types of toponymic changes can be identified and some of them are presented here:_x000D_
1) As a result of the retreat of the ice masses, previously hidden mountain ridges appear, leading to the splitting of glaciers into several parts. These newly formed smaller glaciers require new names. _x000D_
2) Glacial lakes can be formed due to the melting ice and need to be named. _x000D_
In the above cases, the study looks into the process of allocating new names as well as which institutions are involved in this process and which criteria are applied. _x000D_
3) Finally, when glaciers no longer exist, this can lead to the complete disappearance of their names from topographic maps._x000D_
The aim of this presentation is to demonstrate how climate change can have an impact on the toponomastics of the Austrian Alps._x000D_

Regina Falkensteiner
Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying / Austria

 
ID Abstract: 652

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1145 | Climate change and nature-based tourism: An estimation of the carbon footprint of visitors to Spanish national parks | Margarita Capdepón-Frías; Anna Torres-Delgado & Francisco Femenia-Serra 

Margarita Capdepón-Frías; Anna Torres-Delgado & Francisco Femenia-Serra 

 
ID Abstract: Manual – juliol 1

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1146 | Navigating environmental uncertainty through language | Přemysl Mácha (1); Katalin Reszegi (2)


Newly emerging environments transformed by urban development, climate change, and migration present significant challenges in landscape perception and interpretation

Estos mecanismos multifacéticos hacen de Xenical un candidato prometedor para una mayor exploración en el ámbito del tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil.Al comprender los beneficios multifacéticos de Xenical en la mejora de la salud sexual, los hombres en España pueden tomar medidas proactivas para hacer frente a sus problemas de disfunción eréctil y recuperar su vitalidad. xenical.

Al abordar los desequilibrios hormonales y restaurar la función óptima, Estrace ofrece esperanza para mejorar el rendimiento sexual y el bienestar general. estrace Pero, ¿qué diferencia a Estrace de la miríada de otros tratamientos disponibles en el mercado?.

Son muchos los factores que contribuyen al desarrollo de la disfunción eréctil, incluidas las elecciones de estilo de vida, las enfermedades subyacentes y los problemas psicológicos. viagra efectos secundarios La disfunción eréctil (DE) es una enfermedad frecuente que afecta a millones de hombres en todo el mundo, también en España..

Dado que la dieta mediterránea es la piedra angular de la cultura culinaria española, el uso de adelgazantes como el orlistat puede tener consecuencias de gran alcance para la salud de la población.Su naturaleza no invasiva y su administración oral aumentan aún más su atractivo como opción cómoda y accesible para quienes buscan una solución fiable para la disfunción eréctil. orlistat opiniones.

Cenforce es un medicamento que pertenece a una clase de fármacos conocidos como inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa tipo 5 (PDE5). cenforce 100 india Buscando la orientación médica adecuada y explorando las opciones de tratamiento apropiadas, las personas pueden recuperar su salud sexual y restaurar su confianza en el dormitorio..

Desde la lucha contra el acné hasta el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Lyme, la Doxiciclina es un aliado incondicional en la lucha contra las infecciones.Una de estas preocupaciones que afectan a la vida de muchas personas son las enfermedades que requieren un tratamiento eficaz. doxycycline amazon.

Kamagra se ha convertido en un aliado de confianza en la lucha contra la disfunción eréctil, ofreciendo a los hombres una solución fiable y eficaz para recuperar su destreza sexual. kamagra london La importancia de buscar asesoramiento profesional:.

Si padece disfunción eréctil, le animo a que hable con su médico sobre si Glucophage puede ser una opción de tratamiento adecuada para usted.En conclusión, aunque el Glucophage puede contribuir a la disfunción eréctil en personas con diabetes, existen opciones de tratamiento eficaces. glucophage xr 750.

Con el auge de medicamentos como Topamax en España, los hombres tienen ahora más opciones que nunca para superar la disfunción eréctil y recuperar su confianza y vitalidad en el dormitorio. topamax para que sirve Además, Topamax es fácil de usar y se puede tomar discretamente, por lo que es una opción conveniente para los hombres que buscan tratamiento para su disfunción eréctil..

Papel de Cialis en el tratamiento:Esta flexibilidad permite a los hombres recuperar la espontaneidad en su vida sexual sin sentirse limitados por horarios de dosificación rígidos. precio cialis 20 mg en farmacia españa.

Al favorecer la excreción del exceso de líquido del organismo sin causar una depleción de potasio, Aldactone desempeña un papel vital en el alivio de los síntomas de la insuficiencia cardíaca y en la mejora de la calidad de vida de los pacientes.Para la comunidad médica española, este fármaco versátil se ha convertido en un aliado formidable en la lucha contra diversas enfermedades. aldactone 100 mg.

. The panel will explore the role of language in the way we make sense of the rapid changes in our surroundings at various scales and contexts.  Session in English.

The rapid changes in urban settings, transport, forestry, and agriculture associated with economic development, sustainable energy policies, climate change, and migration have transformed our familiar enviroments into strange new worlds which are often difficult to navigate at different scales. Where used to be a field there is a new residential area or a highway, on the horizon the silhouette of trees has been replaced by wind turbines, where once was a multitude of forests is but a multitude of clearings after trees fell victim to rising temperatures and uneven precipation, all the while the linguistic landscape has absorbed migrant languages which turn our cities into linguistic Babels. Making sense of the world and finding our place and way in it is a growing challenge. Language is one of the principal tools which helps us do this. The panel will explore the role of language in our perception, interpretation, and appropriation of the newly emerging environments as well as its role in the salvation of familiar spaces in view of the dramatic changes affecting all areas of life. Both the generic dimension of language (landscape categories, classes of objects, frames of reference etc.) as well as its proprial dimension (toponyms) will be explored. We particularly welcome contributions on the situation in Europe although papers on other areas of the world will also be given consideration.

Přemysl Mácha (1); Katalin Reszegi (2)
(1) Institute of Ethnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, (2) Department of Hungarian Linguistics, Unviersity of Debrecen

 
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