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1270 | 389 | The diversity and distribution of melliferous plants in the Krivodol municipality (Northwestern Bulgaria) | Nikolay Nikolov, Milena Tocheva, Bilyana Borissova

Conservation of natural heritage is of great importance in the context of emerging environmental and climatic changes. This study aims to identify the species diversity and distribution of melliferous plants in the municipality of Krivodol (Northwestern Bulgaria). Pollination as an ecosystem service ensures the reproduction of a large number of plant species and is an integral part of the natural maintenance of healthy ecosystems. The study utilized field surveys following the Brown-Blanke methodological approach (Westhoff & van der Maarel, 1973) to obtain data on plant abundance and cover within different habitat types. Sample plots were placed in homogeneous and representative sites of plant communities, their size was in accordance with the recommendations by Chytrý & Otýpková (2003) depending on the vegetation type. Species’ abundance and cover percentage within the site boundaries was estimated. Results were obtained for the species diversity of melliferous plants and biogeographically attached to their respective habitat type based on the EUNIS classification and the melliferous plant cover in the descriptions. The spatial distribution of melliferous plant species has been identified, which determines the distribution of floral resources in the different types of natural habitats used by Apis mellifera. Results highlight the melliferous plant species with more than 10% cover in the framework of the different habitat types. Conclusions formed the status of melliferous plants in the study area in close relation to the pollination environment they form. Beekeeping in the area will benefit from protecting as many areas as possible with natural vegetation, both grassland and woodland and where reclamation measures are taken, they should be with native melliferous plants._x000D_
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1.Chytrý, М., Otýpková, Z., Plot sizes used for phytosociological sampling of European vegetation., 2003. _x000D_
2.Westhoff & van der Maarel. The Braun-Blanquet approach., 1973. _x000D_

Nikolay Nikolov, Milena Tocheva, Bilyana Borissova
Faculty of Geology and Geography Sofia University “St.Kliment Ohridski”
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1244 | 874 | Functionality and use of “environmental flow” for the conservation and preservation of the environment. Case study: Maipo river basin, Santiago, Chile. | Miranda Fierro, Jaime; Farguell, Joaquim

Water administrations must establish a minimum flow in rivers to ensure the survival of aquatic ecosystems and maintain the ecosystemic functions they provide. This minimum flow is known as “environmental flow.” _x000D_
Water resources management in Chile contemplates the establishment of an environmental flow for the Maipo river basin, which is one of the main sources of water supply for the city of Santiago, and for this purpose the methodologies and definitions of environmental flow used in Spain (Ebro River) and Colombia (Magdalena River) were used as a reference. However, there are doubts about the calculation methodology applied and the resulting flows obtained, which open the door to the study hypotheses: why the current definition of environmental flows is not based on the natural fluvial regime of the river, or what are the functionalities and uses of environmental flows for the conservation and preservation of the environment? _x000D_
These questions address the complexity in the definition of environmental flow and its management since, being a tool of vital importance for the conservation and preservation of the environment, it also sustains healthy estuarine ecosystems and freshwater, which are essential for both ecological and human well-being. The objective of this work is to analyze the definition of environmental flow for the Maipo river basin with the intention of identifying gaps in its calculation and definition and proposing improvements. For this purpose, we propose the use of geostatistical methods of conditional simulation to define a flow in different stretches of the basin, which will serve as input for the estimation and proposal of an environmental flow in the Maipo river basin, and as a reference for a national hydrological plan.

Miranda Fierro, Jaime; Farguell, Joaquim
Doctorado en Geografía Planificación territorial y Gestión Ambiental, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Barcelona / Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastian, Chile ; Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Barcelona / Instituto de Investigación del Agua, Universidad de Barcelona
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1244 | 895 | Two-dimensional hydraulic modeling for comparison of the Flood Flow in two sections of the Congost River | Luz Vega y Joaquim Farguell

The Iber two-dimensional model is a useful tool to simulate the hydrodynamic behavior of rivers and their interaction with the topography of the terrain through the use of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), which allow for greater accuracy of the topography of the terrain. _x000D_
Through the use of this methodology, the comparison of two sections of approximately 2 kilometers for each one of the Congost River is made, which is located in the municipality of Granollers (61,000 inhabitants) and about 30 km north of Barcelona. The upstream study section is fully within the urban area of the town and is in the state of channeling the river that was carried out during the 70s and 80s of the 20th century. The second section, however, is located downstream of the urban nucleus and in a peri-urban area, and in which intervention has been made to partially eliminate the channeling and the transversal structures that fixed the channel have been removed._x000D_
In this modeling, detailed information is available for each section, flow, water speed, bottom profile, speed, surface roughness and topography and has been obtained through the use of LiDAR flights from the Geological and Cartographic Institute of Catalunya._x000D_
Through the use of the Iber model, the behavior of the river channel, speeds, elevation of the water surface, maximum heights will be determined to determine the flood zones for both sections, allowing a comparison of these results and an analysis of the flood flow for each of them the sections. The expected results are that the river reaches greater flood zones in the stretch without channeling, and this information can be very useful for managers and planners of the Congost river bed.

Luz Vega y Joaquim Farguell
Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Barcelona
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1244 | 463 | Urban pondscape connecting People with Nature and Biodiversity in a medium-sized European city (Geneva, Switzerland) | Fernanda Vasco (1), Jacques-Aristide Perrin (2), Beat Oertli (1)

In the face of increasing urbanisation and decreasing biodiversity, small waterbodies, like ponds, are potential solutions to bring nature into the cities. It is therefore important to assess the perception by the visitors of these urban ponds, especially for understanding the contribution of these blue spaces to people’s well-being. The aim of this study is to investigate the value that the public perceives in the multiple Nature’s Contributions to People (NCPs) provided by urban ponds, and especially regarding biodiversity._x000D_
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Therefore, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted during the summer of 2022, among 288 visitors of three urban parks located in Geneva, Switzerland, to assess the population’s perception of the ecosystem values offered by networks of urban ponds (urban pondscapes). An additional similar survey was conducted in the rural area, for better highlighting the specificity of the urban context._x000D_
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The results showed that people highly value the multiple contributions provided by urban ponds and that contact with nature is the main motivating factor for visiting an urban pondscape. This evidenced the public acceptance of urban ponds, due to their positive impact on their quality of life. Additionally, the biodiversity of these ponds was highly appreciated, but there was evidence of a gap of knowledge with regards to the conservation of native biodiversity. It was also possible to highlight that gender and income do not influence the public perception on the contributions provided by urban pondscape. Indeed, ponds are very well adapted and accepted in urban ecosystems, and they should be in the future green (and bluewing) planning in cities to conserve and enhance freshwater biodiversity, while also providing NCPs._x000D_

Fernanda Vasco (1), Jacques-Aristide Perrin (2), Beat Oertli (1)
(1) HEPIA, HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 150 Route de Presinge, 1254 Jussy-Geneva, Switzerland, (2) ISARA, Institut Supérieur d’Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, 23 Rue Jean Baldassini, 69364 Lyon, France
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1164 | 25 | Movilidad de proximidad y uso del espacio público en la ciudad turística: un análisis del impacto de los flujos turísticos en la movilidad cotidiana en Barcelona | Willian Tavares Cerino

La tesis pretende explorar las interacciones entre las movilidades cotidianas de la población residente y los flujos de visitantes en una ciudad con una importante actividad turística como Barcelona. Más concretamente, la tesis quiere estudiar cómo la presencia de visitantes interacciona con las movilidades de proximidad en los barrios con mayor peso del turismo. Estas movilidades de proximidad están vinculadas a las actividades que se realizan de forma cotidiana en el entorno más cercano; con desplazamientos de corta distancia y asociados a actividades de cuidado, compras, ocio y, en algunos casos, trabajo o estudio. Son también desplazamientos que se realizan más habitualmente con modos activos (caminar, bicicleta) y/o transporte público, y que implican una mayor interacción con el espacio público y el entorno construido. En definitiva, la tesis quiere estudiar si la presencia de turistas condiciona el uso del espacio público y la movilidad urbana y, si es así, en qué medida y cómo afecta a la calidad de vida de la población residente de los barrios con más presión turística._x000D_
Se seleccionarán el Gótico y la Barceloneta como casos de estudio de la investigación. Se trata de barrios de espacial interés por la alta presencia de actividad turística, la concentración de flujos y la presión sobre el espacio público. En concreto, se desarrollará un análisis en detalle de: i) las interacciones visitante-residente en el espacio público, ii) cómo las perciben las personas residentes, y iii) cómo les condiciona su día a día en la ciudad. Los estudios de caso implicarán encuestas y entrevistas en profundidad con personas residentes con perfiles y movilidades de interés para la investigación, y observaciones sistemáticas de espacios públicos representativos.

Willian Tavares Cerino
Universitat Rovira i Virgili
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1164 | 978 | IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON TOURISM ACTIVITY: the case of the Canary Islands and Cuba, archipelagos on both Atlantic shores | Mercedes Rodríguez Rodríguez1, Manuel González Herrera2 y Josefina Domínguez-Mujica1 

When discussing the socioeconomic impact of the great pandemic on urban tourism structures, the focus is directed toward the cities of developed countries. However, its effects have been much more important in the economies of the countries with the lowest income level, whose tourism development generated wealth and possibilities for progress, especially in their cities. In those territories with the most significant economic fragility and where dependence on the tourism sector is high, the pandemic and post-pandemic crisis is still strongly felt. This is the case of the Cuban archipelago, where the increase in accommodation facilities satisfied a growing tourist demand while generating socioeconomic well-being for many families and, indirectly, recovery and improvement of its urban structures. Likewise, it is analyzed comparatively with the Canary Islands, island territories on both sides of the Atlantic, which due to their tourist vocation, suffered a strong impact in the pandemic stage, which has caused a “pause” of great repercussion in the urban-tourist evolution of these spaces and have shown a different post-pandemic recovery process. Our contribution to this Congress is based on an analysis of the pre-pandemic urban-tourist evolution patterns in Cuba and the Canary Islands, evaluating their local repercussions from a socioeconomic point of view and on the tentative study of the effects of the great pandemic. To do this, we use statistics published in both territories that reveal tourism’s socioeconomic implications before the pandemic and its effect in the later stage. Therefore, we contrast the data on the effects that the bankruptcy of this activity has entailed based on some parameters of a health and socioeconomic nature. The question remains on the horizon as to whether the differentiated post-pandemic recovery will lead to a resumption of the urban-tourist development trends of the past.

Mercedes Rodríguez Rodríguez1, Manuel González Herrera2 y Josefina Domínguez-Mujica1 
1Department of Geography, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. C/Pérez del Toro, 1. 35003. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. España. 2Department of Social Sciences and Administration, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez. Av. Plutarco Elías Calles #1210 Fovissste Chamizal. 32310. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Méx.
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