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1250 | 782 | Analysing Spatial Planning Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries | Velislava Simeonova (1); Maciej Nowak (2)


The proposal shows results of an extensive comparative study of Spatial Planning Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries, also member states of the EU. The study covers three main stages of analysis and comparison of the countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia._x000D_
In first stage the study aims the following issues:_x000D_
-Defining spatial planning and its objectives_x000D_
-Understanding spatial plans and their related concepts_x000D_
-Grasping the relationship between spatial planning and development policy, and the barriers that arise between them._x000D_
Defining spatial planning allows for broader thematic comparisons. Spatial planning objectives are the key reference point for the individual spatial planning instruments, both in terms of their creation and their evaluation. In addition to reflections resulting_x000D_
from observations of their own systems, the authors present reflections based on preliminary comparisons of solutions provided in CEE countries. Results stem from both ongoing analyses and from previous joint research. Next stage provides an overview of the features exhibited by different CEE planning systems. This stage provides a basic (synthesised and comparative) understanding of the key developments in national spatial planning systems. In characterising the spatial planning systems, attention has been paid to various aspects. A key one seems to be the context concerning spatial planning at the local level and the related instruments. Last stage identifies key similarities and differences in the spatial planning systems studied

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Su naturaleza no invasiva y su administración oral aumentan aún más su atractivo como opción cómoda y accesible para quienes buscan una solución fiable para la disfunción eréctil.Además, es fundamental que tanto los profesionales sanitarios como los pacientes mantengan una comunicación abierta y transparente sobre los posibles riesgos y beneficios del tratamiento con orlistat. orlistat teva 120 mg comprar farmacia online.

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**Descubriendo el poder benéfico de Aldactone en la lucha contra las enfermedades en España** aldactone Al aumentar la excreción de agua y sodio y retener el potasio en el organismo, Aldactone ofrece alivio a las personas que padecen edemas..

. These solutions are presented in the form of case studies. The case studies were extracted using the following criteria: 1. the originality of the specific solution, 2. the weakness/ineffectiveness of the specific solution, 3. the connection of the specific detailed solution with the sectoral sphere, with the environmental sphere.

Velislava Simeonova (1); Maciej Nowak (2)
(1) University of Barcelona; (2) West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin
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1251 | 24 | Post-pandemic education: The use of technological tools in teaching Geography – GIS and its applicability | Willian Tavares Cerino

The central objective of the work is to identify how the pandemic accelerated changes in education, especially in the geographical field, pointing out the importance of updating the basic education curriculum and introducing technological tools such as the Geographic Information System (GIS). The research focused on Primary Education, an age group of children and adolescents between six and seventeen years. Based on a bibliographic review (content with publications from 2020, when the effects of the pandemic were already visible), the research highlighted four lines of research, which were the methodological bases for the development of the research: LADSON-BILLINGS (2021), ALVES, et al. (2021), RAPANTA, et al. (2021), and DE FREITAS VIEIRA et al. (2020)._x000D_
GIS can provide important tools to collect, analyze, and visualize geographic data, allowing teachers to provide more engaging learning experiences and improving students’ understanding of a more visible reality than that seen in traditional models (typified mainly by textbooks). The fundamental issue is not to exclude textbooks as a teaching tool, but to bring basic education closer to new technologies, reconciling the two methodologies as teaching tools. _x000D_
In conclusion, the first part of the research, focused on the search for theoretical references that served as a basis for the analysis of the changes in education, especially in geography teaching after the covid-19 pandemic, and to identify how GIS can assist teachers in teaching different geographic themes. In a second moment the research will apply questionnaires and interviews to teachers and students, to know the perception of the agents directly involved. The third and last phase of the research will be the implementation of the use of GIS in geography teaching in a low-income community school in the city of Goiânia, Brazil.

Willian Tavares Cerino
Universitat Rovira i Virgili
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1244 | 463 | Urban pondscape connecting People with Nature and Biodiversity in a medium-sized European city (Geneva, Switzerland) | Fernanda Vasco (1), Jacques-Aristide Perrin (2), Beat Oertli (1)

In the face of increasing urbanisation and decreasing biodiversity, small waterbodies, like ponds, are potential solutions to bring nature into the cities. It is therefore important to assess the perception by the visitors of these urban ponds, especially for understanding the contribution of these blue spaces to people’s well-being. The aim of this study is to investigate the value that the public perceives in the multiple Nature’s Contributions to People (NCPs) provided by urban ponds, and especially regarding biodiversity._x000D_
_x000D_
Therefore, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted during the summer of 2022, among 288 visitors of three urban parks located in Geneva, Switzerland, to assess the population’s perception of the ecosystem values offered by networks of urban ponds (urban pondscapes). An additional similar survey was conducted in the rural area, for better highlighting the specificity of the urban context._x000D_
_x000D_
The results showed that people highly value the multiple contributions provided by urban ponds and that contact with nature is the main motivating factor for visiting an urban pondscape. This evidenced the public acceptance of urban ponds, due to their positive impact on their quality of life. Additionally, the biodiversity of these ponds was highly appreciated, but there was evidence of a gap of knowledge with regards to the conservation of native biodiversity. It was also possible to highlight that gender and income do not influence the public perception on the contributions provided by urban pondscape. Indeed, ponds are very well adapted and accepted in urban ecosystems, and they should be in the future green (and bluewing) planning in cities to conserve and enhance freshwater biodiversity, while also providing NCPs._x000D_

Fernanda Vasco (1), Jacques-Aristide Perrin (2), Beat Oertli (1)
(1) HEPIA, HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 150 Route de Presinge, 1254 Jussy-Geneva, Switzerland, (2) ISARA, Institut Supérieur d’Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, 23 Rue Jean Baldassini, 69364 Lyon, France
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1237 | 903 | Environmental protection policies in Europe | Velimira Stoyanova, Boian Koulov, Bilyana Borisova, Nikolay Rachev


In the last decades of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, the issue of protecting the environment and reducing the risk of adverse natural disasters around the world and in Bulgaria is very high on the public agenda. The purpose of this publication is to review research and policies for environmental protection and risk reduction of adverse natural disasters in Europe and Bulgaria. European environmental policy is based on the principle of precautionary measures, preventive action, and removal of pollution at its source, as well as the « polluter pays » principle. The main topics of EU environmental policy are combating climate change; biodiversity, land use, and forestry; water protection and management; air and noise pollution; efficient use of resources and creating a circular economy, sustainable consumption, and production; decreasing the use of chemicals and pesticides in agriculture

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Al restablecer el equilibrio hormonal, Estrace puede tratar los desequilibrios hormonales subyacentes que pueden estar contribuyendo a la disfunción eréctil.Estrace, una forma de estradiol, es una hormona sintética que imita los efectos del estrógeno en el cuerpo. estrace online.

La disfunción eréctil es un problema frecuente que afecta a muchos hombres en España, pero no es un destino para aceptar en silencio. comprar viagra por internet Una evaluación exhaustiva puede ayudar a determinar las causas subyacentes de la disfunción eréctil y a identificar el enfoque terapéutico más adecuado..

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Desvelando la realidad de la disfunción eréctil en España y el poder de Cenforce para resolver este problema común naturvit cenforce Desvelando el Aumento de Casos de Disfunción Eréctil en España: La Solución Cenforce.

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Velimira Stoyanova, Boian Koulov, Bilyana Borisova, Nikolay Rachev
National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy, and Geography – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
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1243 | 295 | Livelihood capitals and livelihood resilience: Understanding the linkages in China’s government-led poverty alleviation resettlement | Ma Li

Poverty alleviation resettlement (PAR) has become a common practice all over the world as a crucial method of achieving the goal of eradicating poverty. However, this greatly complicates the relocating households’ ability to maintain a sustainable livelihood. Finding out how different kinds of livelihood capital affect livelihood resilience and exploring solutions to boost farmers’ resilience are, therefore, the most pressing issues that need to be addressed. This paper examines the linkage between livelihood capitals and livelihood resilience within the framework of sustainable livelihoods, based on survey data of rural households relocated for poverty alleviation in Guizhou, Chongqing, Hubei, and Shaanxi provinces in China, and uncovers the mediating effects of coping behaviors. The findings show that the relocated farmers’ livelihood resilience can be enhanced by developing their social capital, physical capital, financial capital, and coping behavior. Human capital does not directly contribute to resilient livelihoods, but it indirectly does so through coping behavior. This paper attempts to remedy the shortcomings of previous studies on the relationship between “livelihood capital and livelihood resilience” that disregarded the transmission of intermediate variables. The findings of this study have major theoretical and practical implications for expanding and refining the theory of sustainable livelihoods, enhancing response tactics, and bolstering the resilience of farmers’ livelihoods.

Ma Li
School of Public Affairs, Chongqing University
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1219 | 853 | (POSTER) Integrating Emergency Response Data, Geoinformation, and Population Vulnerability for Urban Disaster Risk Management: A Case Study in Cologne | Peter Priesmeier

Integrated Disaster Risk Management calls for joint perspectives and the collaboration of different actors to develop disaster management approaches together. With this comes the need for an interdisciplinary view on qualitative, data-based assessments. The approach presented here combines data from operative emergency response with geoinformation on critical infrastructure road networks, and census-based analyses of population vulnerability, using the city of Cologne as a case study area. The resulting road network criticality analysis provides an overview of bottlenecks in the urban road network that have the potential to negatively impact disaster response, especially during a disaster. The method is based on an iterative routing model (Rohr 2020), that simulates the coverage of an urban area by emergency services weighted by the social vulnerability of the affected population. The integration of datasets from these different fields produces a result that can support various stakeholder groups, such as urban planners, municipal managers, and critical infrastructure operators, in improving urban emergency response and thus contribute to an improvement in integrated disaster management.

Peter Priesmeier
Institute of Rescue Engineering and Civil Protection, University of Applied Sciences Cologne (TH-Köln), Germany
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1222 | 107 | Environmental problems on small islands: the case of waste management and the urban sprawl in the Canary Islands. | Lorenzo Carlos Quesada Ruiz1, Levi García-Romero2, Néstor Marrero-Rodríguez2

The illegal landfilling and their management causes damage to the environment and the local economies. In island territories, this problem is exacerbated by the lack of treatment centers or the accessibility to them, the cost of legal waste disposal and the spatial limitations of the territory imposed. In Canary Islands, solid waste landfilling is the second most common type of environmental crime, together with illegal building and construction. This work addressed the possible relationships between the occurrence of both crimes for the period between 2001 and 2020 from descriptive statistics and land use analysis based on the environmental crime data reported by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Government of the Canary Islands. Density maps were also generated for each of the offenses for the different study periods. Thus, a total of 34,000 cases of environmental crimes were analyzed. The overall results of the analysis of the occurrence of both crimes showed a rather high number of crimes recorded during the period of the « housing bubble », with a rather sharp decrease from the beginning of the 2008 financial crisis. The number of landfilling decreased as well as the number of crimes related to illegal constructions and buildings. In this sense, being construction and demolition waste the majority waste typology, we could advance a high relationship between the processes of urban growth and the generation of illegal waste. Thus, it was observed through density maps that during the peaks of greater construction activity there was a greater concentration of these crimes in areas of incipient urban sprawl, especially in tourist areas. In addition, it was found that the largest number of crimes related to illegal construction and solid waste landfilling were mainly in rural areas, based on an analysis of the distance to certain land uses.

Lorenzo Carlos Quesada Ruiz1, Levi García-Romero2, Néstor Marrero-Rodríguez2
1Physical Geography and Regional Geographic Analysis, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain 2 Grupo de Geografía Física y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global, IOCAG, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Canary Islands, Spain
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1236 | 403 | Sustainable food systems in Barcelona: the case of Sant Antoni market | Xavier Salvadó Granel

The 2030 Barcelona Healthy and Sustainable Food Strategy is intended to transform the city’s current food systems into more sustainable ones. As an original signatory of the 2015 Milan Urban Food Policy Pact, Barcelona fosters initiatives that promote local and organic food; create shorter, fairer and more balanced food chains; and deliver healthy, sustainable food for all. The city’s network of markets is one of the municipal instruments for implementing this strategy. Barcelona’s 39 public markets, under the umbrella of the Institut Municipal de Mercats de Barcelona (IMMB), are considered the cornerstone of the city’s food system and key components of the socio-economic fabric of its neighborhoods. The aim of this project is to assess how this strategy is affecting the food sustainability of municipal markets, using the Sant Antoni market and its Comerç Verd (Green Business) initiative as case study. Our analysis, using the 9 goals mentioned in the Strategy as a reference, will take into account the four dimensions of food sustainability: environmental, social, economic and food security and nutrition. We expect to find evidence of the level of transformation occurred in the city’s markets due to the strategy’s new approach to food systems.

Xavier Salvadó Granel
Universitat Rovira i Virgili, PhD Program “City, Territory and Sustainable Planning”
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1236 | 944 | Food Sovereignty and New Models of Production and Consumption from Urban Social Movements | Miriam Ariño Asensi


Over the past century, the global food system has undergone a profound transformation due to processes of industrialization and globalization. Food production, distribution, and consumption have been restructured, turning food into commodities traded on a transnational scale, which are vulnerable to crises (W.H. Friedland, Buttel, Busch, & P. Rudy, 1991)._x000D_
_x000D_
These changes in food patterns have significant impacts on both the environment and society. For instance, the production and distribution of « food products » (González de Molina et al., 2018) heavily rely on fossil fuels, contributing to environmental issues such as climate change. The increasing consumption of meat and the expansion of intensive livestock farming further exacerbate these environmental challenges. Moreover, changing dietary patterns, with a shift towards processed foods and a higher intake of daily calories per capita (González et al., 2018), combined with a decline in diets based on fresh, local, and seasonal foods, as well as sedentary lifestyles, have led to a dramatic rise in obesity and overweight rates globally (FAO, 2019)._x000D_
_x000D_
In response to these global challenges, there has been a growing social and political movement advocating for alternative approaches to the dominant agri-food system

Recuerde, la búsqueda de asesoramiento médico profesional es esencial para explorar todo el potencial de Xenical en su viaje hacia la superación de la disfunción eréctil y abrazar una vida plena. comprar xenical 120 mg andorra Al promover la pérdida de peso y mejorar los perfiles lipídicos, Xenical podría abordar estas causas fundamentales de la disfunción eréctil..

A pesar de los tabúes culturales que rodean el tema, se estima que millones de hombres en España sufren en silencio disfunción eréctil, comúnmente conocida como « estrace ».El papel de Estrace en el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil: estrace online.

El aumento de la disfunción eréctil en España puede ser preocupante, pero con medicamentos como Viagra disponibles, hay esperanza para los hombres que se enfrentan a este problema común. viagra sin receta 2. Aumento de la confianza: Superar la disfunción eréctil con la ayuda de Viagra puede aumentar significativamente la confianza en sí mismo y restaurar el sentido de la masculinidad..

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** Desvelando el poder de la Doxiciclina en la lucha contra las enfermedades: Un gran avance en España** Descubriendo el Aumento de la Disfunción Eréctil en España: La solución de la doxiciclina doxycycline acné efficace au bout de combien de temps.

En España, los estilos de vida como el tabaquismo, el consumo excesivo de alcohol y una dieta inadecuada se han identificado como factores de riesgo significativos para la disfunción eréctil. kamagra canada Esta angustiosa afección no sólo afecta a la salud física del hombre, sino que también repercute en su bienestar mental y emocional..

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Aunque esta condición puede ser increíblemente angustiosa, hay esperanza en el horizonte en forma de medicamentos revolucionarios como Cialis.En general, el medicamento es bien tolerado por la mayoría de los hombres, y los efectos secundarios más comunes son leves y temporales. cialis.

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_x000D_
Citizens are demanding a shift towards more sustainable and localized food systems that prioritize social and environmental justice. Many citizen-led movements have emerged, promoting and implementing local models of production and consumption, such as agroecological methods in agriculture, support for family farming, critical consumption, short supply chains, farmer’s markets, cooperative supermarkets, and ecological canteens. These initiatives aim to reconnect consumers with the source of their food, promote sustainable farming practices, support local economies and foster community engagement.

Miriam Ariño Asensi
PhD Researcher at the University of Barcelona
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1237 | 526 | Susceptibility to pluvial flash floods and the local perception of risk in the urban area of Gospić (Croatia) | Silvija Šiljeg, Rina Milošević, Ivan Marić, Ante Šiljeg, Fran Domazetović, Lovre Panđa, Rajko Marinović

Pluvial flash flooding (PFF) is triggered by short-duration intensive rainfall events. It occurs when the volume of water exceeds the capacity of the urban drainage system and the soil’s ability to infiltrate the water. PFF is a growing problem in urban areas, especially where impervious surfaces predominate. The frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events are expected to increase in the coming years due to climate change and rapid urbanization. PFF causes massive human and economic losses and is related to residents’ risk awareness, preparedness for the hazard, and implementation of precautionary measures. To prevent potential losses, it is necessary to identify flood-prone areas and implement long-term mitigation measures jointly with the public. This study aimed to generate a pluvial flash flood susceptibility model (PFFSM) for Gospić and investigate the public perception of pluvial flash flood risk (PFFR). PFFSM was created using the multicriterial GIS analyses (GIS-MCDA) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based on grouped criteria: topographical, hydrological, and environmental. The accuracy of PFFSM was assessed using ROC curves based on flood cadastre data. Public perception of PFFR was examined among 0.5% of the city population within adults (18+ years old). The questionnaire encompassed five factors: (F1) risk awareness, (F2) anthropogenic and (F3) natural causes of PFF, (F4) potential consequences, and (F5) preparedness. According to the Cronbach Alpha test all factors were highly reliable (> 0.71). PFFSM indicates a generally high susceptibility to PFF. Contrary, the respondents do not consider PFF as a significant threat. Risk awareness is generally low (2.7) with a standard deviation of 0.9. Anthropogenic factors are perceived as the leading cause of PFF, but residents’ preparedness for the hazard is moderate (3.1). Results from this study can facilitate communication between experts, decision-makers, and citizens regarding

Silvija Šiljeg, Rina Milošević, Ivan Marić, Ante Šiljeg, Fran Domazetović, Lovre Panđa, Rajko Marinović
Center for geospatial technologies, University of Zadar
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