The maritime, continental, and transformed arctic air masses over Poland were identified by the modified classification scheme developed by Geb. The modified method uses backward trajectories generated using the HYSPLIT model and air temperature and pseudoadiabatic temperature at the geopotential height of 850 hPa in the centre of Poland. ERA5 reanalyses of air temperature from 2 meters from 49 meteorological stations were used to analyze the thermal conditions during arctic air masses advection. In the cold half-year, the most frequent advection of arctic air masses occurs in December and March. During the cold half-year, the maritime air inflow occurs the most frequently among the arctic air masses. In all months of the cold half-year, negative deviations in air temperature occur throughout Poland, the highest in mountainous areas during the advection of arctic continental air masses from the northern borders of Siberia. This type of air masses appear over the Polish territory only for four months, from December to March. The other two types of arctic air masses appear in all months of the cold half-year.

Piotr Piotrowski, Joanna Jędruszkiewicz, Joanna Wibig
Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Lodz
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